Electricity

Static Electricity-occurs when there is a build up of electric charge on the surface of a material.
-called static electricity because the charges do not move
-potential energy

Charge

-made up of the smallest atoms

*Estimation- about .0000000001m

-very small

-everything is made up of atoms

*Estimation- there is about 1500000000000000000000000000 atoms in a classroom

Inside Atoms

Particles

-electrons(-)

-protons(+)

-neutrons(0)

.Protons and Neutrons lump in nucleus

.Electrons orbit around nucleus

.mostly empty

.neutrons have no charge

.most things have the same number of electrons and protons

-dont have overall charge-most are neutral

Like magnets...

-opposites attract (+-)

-likes repel (++) (--)

ELECTRICITY

My Acrostic Poem for "ELECTRICITY"
Electrons are negatively charged particles
Lightnings bolts occur when billions of electrons are transferred
Electroscopes are make of metal
Circuits are closed paths through which electrons flow
There are two types of electrical charges
Rubbing your feet on the carpet produces static
Is movable through an object
Conductors are materials that allows electrons to move easily
Insulators are material that no not allow electrons to move easily
Television produces electricity
Your skin is a bad conductor

Light

Wave Properties of Light

(pg.546-550)

-Relection

-Refraction

-Diffraction

-Interference

Reflection
-when a wave strikes an object and bounces off
(Normal-cuts incident deam and reflected beam in half)
Spectular & Diffuse Reflection
.Specular-Smooth surface, equivalent repection
.Diffuse-Rough surface
Law of Reflection-states the angle of incidenc equals the angle of reflection.

Refraction
-bending of waves when passing from one medium to another.
-caused by change in speed
.slower (more dense)-light bends toward the normal
.faster (less dense)-light bends away from the normal
refraction depends on...
-speed of light in the medium
-wavelength of the light-shorter wavelengths(blue)bends more
less dense to more dense makes light bend

Diffaction
-opposite of medium
-bending of light waves
-red waves bend more than blue

Interference
Constructive=brighter light
Destructive=dimmer light

Mixing Colors

Primary light colors
.red,blue,green
.additive colors
.combine to form white light
.Example: computer RGBs
LIGHT MAKES WHITE

Filter
.transparent material that absorbs all light colors except the filter color

Pigment
.colored material that absorbs & reflects different colors

Primary Pigment Colors
.cyan,magenta,yellow
.subtractive colors
.combine to form black

Seeing Colors

-White Light
.contains all visible colors -ROYGBIV

-In white light, an object...
.reflects the color you see
.absorbs all other colors

-The retina contains...
.Rods- dim light, black & white
.Cones- color
-Red-absorbs red & yellow
-Green- absorbs green & yellow
-Blue- absorbs blue & violet

-Color Blindness
.one or more sets of cones does not function properly

Light and Matter

-Opaque
.absorbs or reflects all light

-Transparent
.allows light to pass through completely

-Translucent
.allows some light to pass through